VBA – 如果单元格包含特定值而不是等于或不等于，则复制值
我有一个工作macros，通过文件夹循环打开文件，并从“HOLDER”和“CUTTING TOOL”名称列中获取重要信息，并将所有信息打印到一个excel文档masterfile中。
我遇到了“HOLDER”列中的问题，有时候会出现“Holder / Toolbox”等额外的信息，但并不一致。 我使用“HOLDER”工作，但是我想知道是否仍然可以这样做，无论HOLDER头部名称中是否有多余的文本，或者是小写而不是全部大写。 感谢您提供任何帮助！
这是处理“持有者”部分的代码。 下面是更好的参考的完整代码（第4节考虑我正在修补的部分，第8节是它参考的function）。
'find the headers on the sheet Set hc1 = HeaderCell(StartSht.Range("B1"), "HOLDER") ... '(4) 'find HOLDER on the source sheet Set hc3 = HeaderCell(ws.Cells(ROW_HEADER, 1), "HOLDER") If Not hc3 Is Nothing Then Set dict = GetValues(hc3.Offset(1, 0)) If dict.count > 0 Then Set d = StartSht.Cells(Rows.count, hc1.Column).End(xlUp).Offset(1, 0) 'add the values to the master list, column 2 d.Resize(dict.count, 1).Value = Application.Transpose(dict.items) End If Else 'header not found on source worksheet End If ... '(8) 'get all unique column values starting at cell c Function GetValues(ch As Range, Optional vSplit As Variant) As Object Dim dict As Object Dim rng As Range, c As Range Dim v Dim spl As Variant Set dict = CreateObject("scripting.dictionary") For Each c In ch.Parent.Range(ch, ch.Parent.Cells(Rows.count, ch.Column).End(xlUp)).Cells v = Trim(c.Value) If Len(v) > 0 And Not dict.exists(v) Then If Not IsMissing(vSplit) Then spl = Split(v, ";") v = spl(0) End If If Not IsMissing(vSplit) Then spl = Split(v, ",") v = spl(0) End If dict.Add c.Address, v End If Next c Set GetValues = dict End Function 完整的代码
Option Explicit Sub LoopThroughDirectory() Const ROW_HEADER As Long = 10 Dim objFSO As Object Dim objFolder As Object Dim objFile As Object Dim MyFolder As String Dim StartSht As Worksheet, ws As Worksheet Dim WB As Workbook Dim i As Integer Dim LastRow As Integer, erow As Integer Dim Height As Integer Dim RowLast As Long Dim f As String Dim dict As Object Dim hc As Range, hc1 As Range, hc2 As Range, hc3 As Range, d As Range Set StartSht = Workbooks("masterfile.xlsm").Sheets("Sheet1") 'turn screen updating off - makes program faster Application.ScreenUpdating = False 'location of the folder in which the desired TDS files are MyFolder = "C:\Users\trembos\Documents\TDS\progress\" 'find the headers on the sheet Set hc1 = HeaderCell(StartSht.Range("B1"), "HOLDER") Set hc2 = HeaderCell(StartSht.Range("C1"), "CUTTING TOOL") 'create an instance of the FileSystemObject Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") 'get the folder object Set objFolder = objFSO.GetFolder(MyFolder) i = 2 'loop through directory file and print names '(1) For Each objFile In objFolder.Files If LCase(Right(objFile.Name, 3)) = "xls" Or LCase(Left(Right(objFile.Name, 4), 3)) = "xls" Then '(2) 'Open folder and file name, do not update links Set WB = Workbooks.Open(fileName:=MyFolder & objFile.Name, UpdateLinks:=0) Set ws = WB.ActiveSheet '(3) 'find CUTTING TOOL on the source sheet Set hc = HeaderCell(ws.Cells(ROW_HEADER, 1), "CUTTING TOOL") If Not hc Is Nothing Then Set dict = GetValues(hc.Offset(1, 0), "SplitMe") If dict.count > 0 Then Set d = StartSht.Cells(Rows.count, hc2.Column).End(xlUp).Offset(1, 0) 'add the values to the master list, column 3 d.Resize(dict.count, 1).Value = Application.Transpose(dict.items) End If Else 'header not found on source worksheet End If '(4) 'find HOLDER on the source sheet Set hc3 = HeaderCell(ws.Cells(ROW_HEADER, 1), "HOLDER") If Not hc3 Is Nothing Then Set dict = GetValues(hc3.Offset(1, 0)) If dict.count > 0 Then Set d = StartSht.Cells(Rows.count, hc1.Column).End(xlUp).Offset(1, 0) 'add the values to the master list, column 2 d.Resize(dict.count, 1).Value = Application.Transpose(dict.items) End If Else 'header not found on source worksheet End If '(5) 'print filename and TDS information With WB For Each ws In .Worksheets 'print the file name to Column 1 StartSht.Cells(i, 1) = objFile.Name StartSht.Cells((GetLastRowInColumn(StartSht, "C")), 1) = objFile.Name 'print TDS name from J1 cell to Column 4 With ws .Range("J1").Copy StartSht.Cells(i, 4) End With i = GetLastRowInSheet(StartSht) + 1 'move to next file Next ws '(6) 'close, do not save any changes to the opened files .Close SaveChanges:=False End With End If 'move to next file Next objFile 'turn screen updating back on Application.ScreenUpdating = True ActiveWindow.ScrollRow = 1 '(7) End Sub '(8) 'get all unique column values starting at cell c Function GetValues(ch As Range, Optional vSplit As Variant) As Object Dim dict As Object Dim rng As Range, c As Range Dim v Dim spl As Variant Set dict = CreateObject("scripting.dictionary") For Each c In ch.Parent.Range(ch, ch.Parent.Cells(Rows.count, ch.Column).End(xlUp)).Cells v = Trim(c.Value) If Len(v) > 0 And Not dict.exists(v) Then If Not IsMissing(vSplit) Then spl = Split(v, ";") v = spl(0) End If If Not IsMissing(vSplit) Then spl = Split(v, ",") v = spl(0) End If dict.Add c.Address, v End If Next c Set GetValues = dict End Function '(9) 'find a header on a row: returns Nothing if not found Function HeaderCell(rng As Range, sHeader As String) As Range Dim rv As Range, c As Range For Each c In rng.Parent.Range(rng, rng.Parent.Cells(rng.Row, Columns.count).End(xlToLeft)).Cells If Trim(c.Value) = sHeader Then Set rv = c Exit For End If Next c Set HeaderCell = rv End Function '(10) Function GetLastRowInColumn(theWorksheet As Worksheet, col As String) With theWorksheet GetLastRowInColumn = .Range(col & .Rows.count).End(xlUp).Row End With End Function '(11) Function GetLastRowInSheet(theWorksheet As Worksheet) Dim ret With theWorksheet If Application.WorksheetFunction.CountA(.Cells) <> 0 Then ret = .Cells.Find(What:="*", _ After:=.Range("A1"), _ Lookat:=xlPart, _ LookIn:=xlFormulas, _ SearchOrder:=xlByRows, _ SearchDirection:=xlPrevious, _ MatchCase:=False).Row Else ret = 1 End If End With GetLastRowInSheet = ret End Function
需要调整的部分是search标题行的部分，比较值。 它看起来像是在HeaderCell函数中。 看起来比较的具体行是：
If Trim(c.Value) = sHeader Then
这是比较标题行中的每个单元格的内容与传入的值（在您的情况sHeader =“持有人”）。
你最好做一个testing，看看sHeader是否在单元格的值，不等于单元格的值。 InStrfunction是完美的。 （未经testing的空气密码）：
If InStr(c.Value, sHeader) <> 0 Then
这将search标题行中每个单元格的内容，查看传入sHeader的值是否在值中的任何位置。
那么， InStr帮助找出一个string是否包含一个子string。 基本上，它返回的是串中子串的位置是什么; 所以，一条线如：
Instr ("hello world!", "h")
将返回1第一个参数是你想要看的string，第二个是你想要查找的子string。
所以，如果返回值不是零，就知道包含子string。 你会像这样检查：
If InStr(string, substring) <> 0 then 'do code End If
另外，对于区分大小写的情况：
您可能想要将单元格值放入一个stringvariables，但转换为大写字母; 然后检查“持有人”和什么。 这不会改变单元格中的值，只是为了比较。 做就是了：
dim uString as String uString = UCase(c.Value)