来自Excel工作表的SQL列名称
我使用SSMS 2014和SQL Server 2014.我需要通过使用excel文件或表与数据更改查询结果的末尾的列名称。
在一些SELECT语句和东西之后，我得到一个包含数据的表格
+---------+---------+------+ | Col1 | Col2 | Col3 | +---------+---------+------+ | Value 1 | Value 2 | 123 | | Value 2 | Value 2 | 456 | | Value 3 | Value 3 | 789 | +---------+---------+------+ 和表或excelfile
+----+---------+-----------+-----------+ | ID | ColName | Language | Addition | +----+---------+-----------+-----------+ | 1 | Col1 | D | 123 | | 2 | Col2 | D | 456 | | 3 | Col3 | D | 789 | | 4 | Col1 | E | 123 | | 5 | Col2 | E | 456 | | 6 | Col3 | E | 789 | +----+---------+-----------+-----------+
我试图做的是获得每列的附加值，并将其添加到列名称。 它只应该添加具有特定language. @setLang = 'D'的值language. @setLang = 'D' language. @setLang = 'D'
Col1 + Addition Col2 + Addition Col3 + Addition +-------------+-------------+---------+ | Col1 123 | Col2 456 | Col3789 | +-------------+-------------+---------+ | Value 1 | Value 2 | 123 | | Value 2 | Value 2 | 456 | | Value 3 | Value 3 | 789 | +-------------+-------------+---------+
我试过了Information_Schema.Columns，并用where table ='resultTable'和Column_name = @cName过滤。 也许我需要一个循环来获取每个列的名称。
感谢阅读，并试图帮助我。
给它一个去 – 它使用一个表，而不是一个Excel文件（但似乎是在你的问题的选项）。 我已经做了一些临时表，并填写了你的价值观，但你显然不需要这样做。 您将需要用保存表的数据库的名称以及临时表#Original和#ExcelInfo与表名replace对tempdb的引用。
我也用一个临时表来添加一个'Id IDENTITY（1,1）`列到保存原始数据的表中。 这是必要的，以保持不受污染。 如果你可以修改你的表来包含一个Id，这将使事情变得更容易，但是如果没有，你可以象我一样插入一个临时表。
脚本比看起来要短 – 整个第一步就是设置示例; 真正的答案从声明你的语言variables的那一行开始。
/* The script between the first two dividing lines of dashes is just used to set up the example. The bit you want is from the "-- Test Variables --" line. */ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#Original') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #Original IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#ExcelInfo') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #ExcelInfo CREATE TABLE #Original ( Col1 VARCHAR(50) ,Col2 VARCHAR(50) ,Col3 VARCHAR(50)) CREATE TABLE #ExcelInfo ( Id INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL ,ColName VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL ,[Language] CHAR(1) NOT NULL ,Addition INT NOT NULL) INSERT #Original SELECT * FROM ( SELECT 'Value 1' AS Col1,'Value 2' AS Col2 ,123 AS Col3 UNION SELECT 'Value 2' ,'Value 2' ,456 UNION SELECT 'Value 3' ,'Value 3' ,789) AS This ORDER BY Col1 INSERT #ExcelInfo (ColName,[Language],Addition) SELECT * FROM ( SELECT 'Col1' AS ColName, 'D' AS [Language], 123 AS Addition UNION SELECT 'Col2','D',456 UNION SELECT 'Col3','D',789 UNION SELECT 'Col1','E',123 UNION SELECT 'Col2','E',456 UNION SELECT 'Col3','E',789) AS This ORDER BY [Language], Addition ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Test Variables -- DECLARE @SetLang CHAR(1) = 'D' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- make the default empty, not null on our dynamic string, so it can be added to DECLARE @Columns VARCHAR(MAX) = '' DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(MAX) CREATE TABLE #OriginalColumns ( Id INT IDENTITY(1,1) ,Name VARCHAR(50)) CREATE TABLE #BasicResult (Id INT NOT NULL, Name VARCHAR(50), Value VARCHAR(50)) -- If you can add an id column to your original table, this bit is unecessary - you can use yours in place of this table CREATE TABLE #Original_WITH_Id ( Id INT IDENTITY(1,1) ,Col1 VARCHAR(50) ,Col2 VARCHAR(50) ,Col3 VARCHAR(50)) INSERT #Original_WITH_Id SELECT * FROM #Original ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- List out the columns and put the list in a variable. INSERT #OriginalColumns SELECT QUOTENAME(Col.name) FROM tempdb.sys.columns AS Col WHERE Col.object_id = OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#Original_WITH_Id') -- we're not interested in the identity column at the moment AND Col.name <> 'Id' -- keep everything in the same order as they are listed on the table ORDER BY Col.column_id SELECT @Columns = @Columns + ',' + Name FROM #OriginalColumns -- clip off the leading comma SELECT @Columns = SUBSTRING(@Columns,2,LEN(@Columns)) -- get a full list of everything, creating our new list of columns as we go, using the Id column to keep a mark on which -- row each record originally came from SET @SQL = 'INSERT #BasicResult SELECT Id, New.Name, Value FROM (SELECT Id, Name, Value FROM #Original_WITH_Id UNPIVOT (Value FOR Name IN (' + @Columns + ')) Unpvt) AS Old JOIN (SELECT ColName, CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),ColName) + '' '' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(50),Addition) AS Name FROM #ExcelInfo WHERE [Language] = ''' + @SetLang + ''') AS New ON Old.Name = New.ColName' PRINT @SQL EXEC (@SQL) -- now update our list of columns to be the new column headings SET @Columns = '' SELECT @Columns = @Columns + ',' + QUOTENAME(Name) FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Name FROM #BasicResult) AS Names SELECT @Columns = SUBSTRING(@Columns,2,LEN(@Columns)) -- pivout our results back out to their original format, but with the new column headings (include the Id if you want) SET @SQL = 'SELECT /*Id,*/ ' + @Columns + ' FROM (SELECT Id, Name,Value FROM #BasicResult) AS Up PIVOT (MAX(Value) FOR Name IN (' + @Columns + ')) AS Pvt' PRINT @SQL EXEC (@SQL) -- clean up -- DROP TABLE #OriginalColumns DROP TABLE #BasicResult
希望有所帮助！ 有可能是一个更有效的方式来做到这一点…我不知道。
好吧，我再次尝试，但现在没有Excelfile。 我从Excelfile中创build了一个CSV，并将其与批量插入到我创build的表中：
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'CSVTest') BEGIN CREATE TABLE _DICTIONARY ( _TableName VARCHAR (20), _ColumnName VARCHAR (20), _Language VARCHAR (20), _FieldShort VARCHAR (50), _FieldMid VARCHAR (50), _FieldLong VARCHAR (50) ) BULK INSERT _DICTIONARY FROM 'C:\_DICTIONARY.csv' WITH ( FIELDTERMINATOR = ';', ROWTERMINATOR = '\n' ) END
之后，我通过使用光标重命名所有列
DECLARE @dic_tableName as nvarchar(50), @dic_columnName as nvarchar(50), @db_tableName as nvarchar(50), @db_columnName as nvarchar(50); DECLARE C CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT _TableName, _ColumnName FROM _DICTIONARY OPEN C; FETCH NEXT FROM C INTO @dic_tableName, @dic_columnName; WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN IF EXISTS(SELECT TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = @dic_tableName AND COLUMN_NAME = @dic_columnName) BEGIN SET @db_tableName = @dic_tableName + '.' + @dic_columnName SET @db_columnName = @dic_tableName + '_' + @dic_columnName EXEC sp_rename @db_tableName, @db_columnName ,'COLUMN' FETCH NEXT FROM C INTO @dic_tableName, @dic_columnName; END ELSE BEGIN FETCH NEXT FROM C INTO @dic_tableName, @dic_columnName; END END CLOSE C; DEALLOCATE C;
它的工作。