使用Excel格式化编写excel

我想用System.Data.DataTable excel包编写excel文件

并需要在Excel文件中格式化一些单元格，如背景颜色。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

虽然您可以使用Interop调用创build一个excel文件，但我更喜欢没有它的解决scheme 。 根据您提供的细节，我find了一个基于OpenXML的解决scheme。 不需要Interop，但是您必须从openXML 学习相应的 objectModel。 你需要什么才能开始：

1. 下载OpenXML SDK并从Microsoft安装它
2. 转到openXmlDeveloper.org并了解如何使用openXml创buildexcelFiles
3. 看看网上的几个关于如何使用openXml访问/读写excelFiles的资源（比如SO_Question1 ， social.msdn.microsoft.com_example ， Blog1和SO_Question2 ）

之后在你的项目中…

4. 添加对DocumentFormat.OpenXML库的引用（search您的计算机，有点像C：\ Program Files（x86）\ Open XML SDK \ V2.0 \ lib \ DocumentFormat.OpenXml.dll ）
5. 添加对WindowBase的引用

比你准备使用这段代码：

 // important namespaces using System.IO.Packaging; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml; using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Spreadsheet; using Excel = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Office2010.Excel; static void Main(string[] args) { // created a demoTable with id column and five string columns with arbitrary values DataTable demoTable = CreateDemoTable(); CreateWorkbook(@"c:\ExcelAndStyles.xlsx", demoTable); } private static void CreateWorkbook(string fileName, DataTable table) { try { if (File.Exists(fileName)) File.Delete(fileName); using (SpreadsheetDocument xl = SpreadsheetDocument.Create(fileName, SpreadsheetDocumentType.Workbook)) { WorkbookPart wbp = xl.AddWorkbookPart(); WorksheetPart wsp = wbp.AddNewPart<WorksheetPart>(); Workbook wb = new Workbook(); FileVersion fv = new FileVersion(); fv.ApplicationName = "Microsoft Office Excel"; Worksheet ws = new Worksheet(); WorkbookStylesPart wbsp = wbp.AddNewPart<WorkbookStylesPart>(); // add styles to sheet wbsp.Stylesheet = CreateStylesheet(); wbsp.Stylesheet.Save(); // generate data (row&cells) and add it to workbook SheetData sd = CreateSheetData(table); ws.Append(sd); wsp.Worksheet = ws; wsp.Worksheet.Save(); Sheets sheets = new Sheets(); Sheet sheet = new Sheet(); sheet.Name = table.TableName; sheet.SheetId = 1; sheet.Id = wbp.GetIdOfPart(wsp); sheets.Append(sheet); wb.Append(fv); wb.Append(sheets); xl.WorkbookPart.Workbook = wb; xl.WorkbookPart.Workbook.Save(); xl.Close(); } } catch (Exception e) { // do some errorHandling here } } private static Stylesheet CreateStylesheet() { // add namespace info Stylesheet stylesheet1 = new Stylesheet() { MCAttributes = new MarkupCompatibilityAttributes() { Ignorable = "x14ac" } }; stylesheet1.AddNamespaceDeclaration("mc", "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"); stylesheet1.AddNamespaceDeclaration("x14ac", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2009/9/ac"); // fonts Fonts fonts1 = new Fonts() { Count = (UInt32Value)1U, KnownFonts = true }; Font font1 = new Font(); FontSize fontSize1 = new FontSize() { Val = 11D }; Color color1 = new Color() { Theme = (UInt32Value)1U }; FontName fontName1 = new FontName() { Val = "Calibri" }; FontFamilyNumbering fontFamilyNumbering1 = new FontFamilyNumbering() { Val = 2 }; FontScheme fontScheme1 = new FontScheme() { Val = FontSchemeValues.Minor }; font1.Append(fontSize1); font1.Append(color1); font1.Append(fontName1); font1.Append(fontFamilyNumbering1); font1.Append(fontScheme1); fonts1.Append(font1); // fillColor Fills fills1 = new Fills() { Count = (UInt32Value)5U }; // FillId = 0 Fill fill1 = new Fill(); PatternFill patternFill1 = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.None }; fill1.Append(patternFill1); // FillId = 1 Fill fill2 = new Fill(); PatternFill patternFill2 = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Gray125 }; fill2.Append(patternFill2); // FillId = 2,RED Fill fill3 = new Fill(); PatternFill patternFill3 = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Solid }; ForegroundColor foregroundColor1 = new ForegroundColor() { Rgb = "FFFF0000" }; BackgroundColor backgroundColor1 = new BackgroundColor() { Indexed = (UInt32Value)64U }; patternFill3.Append(foregroundColor1); patternFill3.Append(backgroundColor1); fill3.Append(patternFill3); // FillId = 3,BLUE Fill fill4 = new Fill(); PatternFill patternFill4 = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Solid }; ForegroundColor foregroundColor2 = new ForegroundColor() { Rgb = "FF0070C0" }; BackgroundColor backgroundColor2 = new BackgroundColor() { Indexed = (UInt32Value)64U }; patternFill4.Append(foregroundColor2); patternFill4.Append(backgroundColor2); fill4.Append(patternFill4); // FillId = 4,YELLO Fill fill5 = new Fill(); PatternFill patternFill5 = new PatternFill() { PatternType = PatternValues.Solid }; ForegroundColor foregroundColor3 = new ForegroundColor() { Rgb = "FFFFFF00" }; BackgroundColor backgroundColor3 = new BackgroundColor() { Indexed = (UInt32Value)64U }; patternFill5.Append(foregroundColor3); patternFill5.Append(backgroundColor3); fill5.Append(patternFill5); fills1.Append(fill1); // 0U fills1.Append(fill2); // 1U fills1.Append(fill3); // 2U fills1.Append(fill4); // 3U fills1.Append(fill5); // 4U // border styles Borders borders1 = new Borders() { Count = (UInt32Value)1U }; Border border1 = new Border(); LeftBorder leftBorder1 = new LeftBorder(); RightBorder rightBorder1 = new RightBorder(); TopBorder topBorder1 = new TopBorder(); BottomBorder bottomBorder1 = new BottomBorder(); DiagonalBorder diagonalBorder1 = new DiagonalBorder(); border1.Append(leftBorder1); border1.Append(rightBorder1); border1.Append(topBorder1); border1.Append(bottomBorder1); border1.Append(diagonalBorder1); borders1.Append(border1); // cellFormats CellStyleFormats cellStyleFormats1 = new CellStyleFormats() { Count = (UInt32Value)1U }; CellFormat cellFormat1 = new CellFormat() { NumberFormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, FontId = (UInt32Value)0U, FillId = (UInt32Value)0U, BorderId = (UInt32Value)0U }; cellStyleFormats1.Append(cellFormat1); CellFormats cellFormats1 = new CellFormats() { Count = (UInt32Value)4U }; // see a few lines above - refer to: fills1.Append(XXXX); // see also ApplyFill = true!! CellFormat cellFormat2 = new CellFormat() { NumberFormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, FontId = (UInt32Value)0U, FillId = (UInt32Value)0U, BorderId = (UInt32Value)0U, FormatId = (UInt32Value)0U }; CellFormat cellFormat3 = new CellFormat() { NumberFormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, FontId = (UInt32Value)0U, FillId = (UInt32Value)2U, BorderId = (UInt32Value)0U, FormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, ApplyFill = true }; CellFormat cellFormat4 = new CellFormat() { NumberFormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, FontId = (UInt32Value)0U, FillId = (UInt32Value)3U, BorderId = (UInt32Value)0U, FormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, ApplyFill = true }; CellFormat cellFormat5 = new CellFormat() { NumberFormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, FontId = (UInt32Value)0U, FillId = (UInt32Value)4U, BorderId = (UInt32Value)0U, FormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, ApplyFill = true }; cellFormats1.Append(cellFormat2); // fillId 0U --- cellFormat Index 0 cellFormats1.Append(cellFormat3); // fillId 2U --- cellFormat Index 1 cellFormats1.Append(cellFormat4); // fillId 3U --- cellFormat Index 2 cellFormats1.Append(cellFormat5); // fillId 4U --- cellFormat Index 3 // cellStyles CellStyles cellStyles1 = new CellStyles() { Count = (UInt32Value)1U }; CellStyle cellStyle1 = new CellStyle() { Name = "Normal", FormatId = (UInt32Value)0U, BuiltinId = (UInt32Value)0U }; cellStyles1.Append(cellStyle1); DifferentialFormats differentialFormats1 = new DifferentialFormats() { Count = (UInt32Value)0U }; TableStyles tableStyles1 = new TableStyles() { Count = (UInt32Value)0U, DefaultTableStyle = "TableStyleMedium2", DefaultPivotStyle = "PivotStyleMedium9" }; // extensions StylesheetExtensionList stylesheetExtensionList1 = new StylesheetExtensionList(); StylesheetExtension stylesheetExtension1 = new StylesheetExtension() { Uri = "{EB79DEF2-80B8-43e5-95BD-54CBDDF9020C}" }; stylesheetExtension1.AddNamespaceDeclaration("x14", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/spreadsheetml/2009/9/main"); Excel.SlicerStyles slicerStyles1 = new Excel.SlicerStyles() { DefaultSlicerStyle = "SlicerStyleLight1" }; stylesheetExtension1.Append(slicerStyles1); stylesheetExtensionList1.Append(stylesheetExtension1); // add all formats/styles to stylesheet stylesheet1.Append(fonts1); stylesheet1.Append(fills1); stylesheet1.Append(borders1); stylesheet1.Append(cellStyleFormats1); stylesheet1.Append(cellFormats1); stylesheet1.Append(cellStyles1); stylesheet1.Append(differentialFormats1); stylesheet1.Append(tableStyles1); stylesheet1.Append(stylesheetExtensionList1); return stylesheet1; } private static SheetData CreateSheetData(DataTable table) { SheetData sheetData = new SheetData(); for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < table.Rows.Count; rowIndex++) { DataRow dataRow = table.Rows[rowIndex]; Row row = new Row() { RowIndex = new UInt32Value((uint)(rowIndex + 1)) }; for (int colIndex = 0; colIndex < dataRow.ItemArray.Length; colIndex++) { object value = dataRow[colIndex].ToString(); Cell cell = new Cell(); cell.CellReference = ((char)(colIndex + 65)).ToString() + (rowIndex+1).ToString(); // assigned simple red background style // have a deeper look in CreateStylesheet for details what 1U contains // for demo purposes may choose 2U and 3U too cell.StyleIndex = (UInt32Value)1U; // for demo purposes, treat all values as string cell.DataType = CellValues.String; cell.CellValue = new CellValue(table.Rows[rowIndex][colIndex].ToString()); row.Append(cell); } sheetData.Append(row); } return sheetData; } 

大部分代码已经从上面列出的几个网站中删除 ！ 我采纳了它，并改变它适合你的问题。 这个示例代码为我创build了一个包含具有不同的值和样式的 多行和多列的excelFile 。

希望有所帮助！