在Excel VBA中使用SQL来访问其他Excel工作簿

我正在尝试编写连接string和SQL脚本来在Excel中运行查询以从另一个Excel工作簿中提取数据。 这是我目前的：

Sub Test() Dim conn As ADODB.Connection Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset Dim sConnString As String Dim sql As String ' Create the connection string. sConnString = "provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;data source=" & _ "C:\Users\dblois\Desktop\Shareenas Report.xlsx" + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;" ' Create the Connection and Recordset objects. Set conn = New ADODB.Connection Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset sql = "SELECT * FROM [Data$A1:AC73333]" ' Open the connection and execute. conn.Open sConnString Set rs = conn.Execute(sql) ' Check we have data. If Not rs.EOF Then ' Transfer result. Sheets(1).Range("A1").CopyFromRecordset rs ' Close the recordset rs.Close Else MsgBox "Error: No records returned.", vbCritical End If ' Clean up If CBool(conn.State And adStateOpen) Then conn.Close Set conn = Nothing Set rs = Nothing End Sub 

当我尝试打开连接时，我不断收到以下内容。 我的连接string有什么问题？

外部表格不是预期的格式

我发现以下，并更改我的代码是：

 sConnString = "provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.12.0;data source=" & _ "C:\Users\dblois\Desktop\Shareenas Report.xlsx" + ";Extended Properties=Excel 12.0;" 

然后，我收到以下错误：

供应商无法find。 它可能不是财产安装

Answer 1

在第一次尝试您的OLEDB驱动程序不适合Excel文件types。 在第二次尝试中，您有一个不正确的OLEDB驱动程序，因为没有Jet的12.0版本。 作为@Comintern的评论和答案，你发布的链接，使用ACE驱动程序版本。 但是请注意这两种types，驱动程序的32/64位版本必须匹配您的MS Office位版本或任何其他程序即使您尝试连接到Excel数据源的语言（即PHP，Python，Java）。

对于较旧的Excel .xls文件，您将使用Jet，因为此引擎尚不知道.xlsx格式，因此无法识别该文件types：

 strConnection = "Provider=Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0;" _ & "Data Source='C:\Path\To\Excel.xls';" _ & "Extended Properties=""Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;"";" 

对于更新的Excel文件（.xlsx，.xlsm，.xlsb），您可以使用ACE，它也向下兼容.xlstypes：

 strConnection = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" _ & "Data Source='C:\Path\To\Excel.xlsx';" _ & "Extended Properties=""Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=YES;"";" 

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或者，使用ODBC是许多程序甚至非Windows系统连接到外部后端源的行业应用程序连接层。 即使是开放源代码编程语言也可以维护ODBC API，包括PHP的PDO，Python的pyodbc，R的RODBC。

对于较老的源格式：

 strConnection = "DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};" _ & "DBQ=C:\Path\To\Excel.xlsx;" 

对于更新的源格式：

 strConnection = "DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)};" _ & "DBQ=C:\Path\To\Excel.xlsx;" 

和驱动程序和bit verisons相同的原则适用于MS Access .mdb和.accdb版本。

Answer 2

你在说什么？！ 什么是“写入连接string和SQL脚本在Excel中运行查询以从另一个Excel工作簿中提取数据”？

如果要将数据从一个Excel文件复制到另一个，请尝试此操作。

 Sub VBA_Read_External_Workbook() '''''Define Object for Target Workbook Dim Target_Workbook As Workbook Dim Source_Workbook As Workbook Dim Target_Path As String '''''Assign the Workbook File Name along with its Path '''''Change path of the Target File name Target_Path = "D:\Sample.xlsx" Set Target_Workbook = Workbooks.Open(Target_Path) Set Source_Workbook = ThisWorkbook '''''With Target_Workbook object now, it is possible to pull any data from it '''''Read Data from Target File Target_Data = Target_Workbook.Sheets(1).Cells(1, 1) Source_Workbook.Sheets(1).Cells(1, 1) = Target_Data '''''Update Target File Source_data = Source_Workbook.Sheets(1).Cells(3, 1) Target_Workbook.Sheets(1).Cells(2, 1) = Source_data '''''Close Target Workbook Source_Workbook.Save Target_Workbook.Save Target_Workbook.Close False '''''Process Completed MsgBox "Task Completed" End Sub 

或者可能 。 。 。

 Sub Write_To_Open_Excel() Dim wb As Workbook 'Reference Workbook with its name Workbooks("Book2").Worksheets("Sheet2").Activate Workbooks("Book3.xls").Worksheets("Sheet2").Activate 'Search for Each Opened Workbook For Each wb In Workbooks If wb.Name = "Book2" Then wb.Sheets(1).Cells(1, 1) = "Writing To Open Excel Worksheet - Testing" End If Next End Sub 

现在，如果您想从SQL Server中将数据导入Excel，请尝试此操作。

 Sub ADOExcelSQLServer() ' Carl SQL Server Connection ' ' FOR THIS CODE TO WORK ' In VBE you need to go Tools References and check Microsoft Active X Data Objects 2.x library ' Dim Cn As ADODB.Connection Dim Server_Name As String Dim Database_Name As String Dim User_ID As String Dim Password As String Dim SQLStr As String Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset Server_Name = "EXCEL-PC\EXCELDEVELOPER" ' Enter your server name here Database_Name = "AdventureWorksLT2012" ' Enter your database name here User_ID = "" ' enter your user ID here Password = "" ' Enter your password here SQLStr = "SELECT * FROM [SalesLT].[Customer]" ' Enter your SQL here Set Cn = New ADODB.Connection Cn.Open "Driver={SQL Server};Server=" & Server_Name & ";Database=" & Database_Name & _ ";Uid=" & User_ID & ";Pwd=" & Password & ";" rs.Open SQLStr, Cn, adOpenStatic ' Dump to spreadsheet With Worksheets("sheet1").Range("a1:z500") ' Enter your sheet name and range here .ClearContents .CopyFromRecordset rs End With ' Tidy up rs.Close Set rs = Nothing Cn.Close Set Cn = Nothing End Sub 

最后，如果你想从Excel发送数据到SQL Server，试试这个。

 Sub ButtonClick() 'TRUSTED CONNECTION On Error GoTo errH Dim con As New ADODB.Connection Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset Dim strPath As String Dim intImportRow As Integer Dim strFirstName, strLastName As String Dim server, username, password, table, database As String With Sheets("Sheet1") server = .TextBox1.Text table = .TextBox4.Text database = .TextBox5.Text If con.State <> 1 Then con.Open "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=" & server & ";Initial Catalog=" & database & ";Integrated Security=SSPI;" 'con.Open End If 'this is the TRUSTED connection string Set rs.ActiveConnection = con 'delete all records first if checkbox checked If .CheckBox1 Then con.Execute "delete from tbl_demo" End If 'set first row with records to import 'you could also just loop thru a range if you want. intImportRow = 10 Do Until .Cells(intImportRow, 1) = "" strFirstName = .Cells(intImportRow, 1) strLastName = .Cells(intImportRow, 2) 'insert row into database con.Execute "insert into tbl_demo (firstname, lastname) values ('" & strFirstName & "', '" & strLastName & "')" intImportRow = intImportRow + 1 Loop MsgBox "Done importing", vbInformation con.Close Set con = Nothing End With Exit Sub errH: MsgBox Err.Description End Sub 

或者可能 。 。 。

 Sub InsertInto() 'Declare some variables Dim cnn As adodb.Connection Dim cmd As adodb.Command Dim strSQL As String 'Create a new Connection object Set cnn = New adodb.Connection 'Set the connection string cnn.ConnectionString = "Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=True;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=Excel-PC\SQLEXPRESS" 'cnn.ConnectionString = "DRIVER=SQL Server;SERVER=Excel-PC\SQLEXPRESS;DATABASE=Northwind;Trusted_Connection=Yes" 'Create a new Command object Set cmd = New adodb.Command 'Open the Connection to the database cnn.Open 'Associate the command with the connection cmd.ActiveConnection = cnn 'Tell the Command we are giving it a bit of SQL to run, not a stored procedure cmd.CommandType = adCmdText 'Create the SQL strSQL = "UPDATE TBL SET JOIN_DT = '2013-01-22' WHERE EMPID = 2" 'Pass the SQL to the Command object cmd.CommandText = strSQL 'Execute the bit of SQL to update the database cmd.Execute 'Close the connection again cnn.Close 'Remove the objects Set cmd = Nothing Set cnn = Nothing End Sub